Welcome to our comprehensive guide to USA
Geography
The United States of America stands as the third largest nation globally, both in landmass and population density. Situated in North America, it is flanked by the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, comprising 50 states along with the District of Columbia. Exceeding the expanse of the European Union, the U.S. features towering mountain ranges in the west and expansive plains in the central region. Noteworthy geographical landmarks include Death Valley, marking the lowest point at -282 feet (-86 meters), and Denali (Mt. McKinley) standing as the highest peak at 20,320 feet (6,198 meters).
Population
The USA hosts over 330 million individuals, ranking it as the third most populous nation globally. Embracing a rich tapestry of cultures, ethnicities, and faiths, the nation predominantly communicates in English.
People & Culture
The United States has been historically shaped by immigration, fostering a diverse population drawn from worldwide origins in pursuit of sanctuary and prosperity. Divided into six distinct regions, including New England, the mid-Atlantic, the South, the Midwest, the Southwest, and the West, each with its unique cultural heritage. Notably, New England, comprising states like Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont, attracted European settlers in quest of religious freedom.
Government & Economy
In terms of governance, citizens aged 18 and above participate in the quadrennial election of the President and Vice President, with the executive residence situated in the White House within Washington, D.C. The legislative branch comprises two bodies: the Senate, consisting of 100 senators representing each state with a six-year tenure, and the House of Representatives, composed of 435 elected officials serving two-year terms.
History
The history of the United States dates back to its declaration of independence from British rule in 1776, encompassing a multifaceted narrative of westward expansion, the Civil War, the Industrial Revolution, involvement in two World Wars, and the Civil Rights Movement. Recognizing the indigenous heritage, the nation’s history intertwines with that of Native American cultures long predating European settlement.
Why Study in the USA?
U.S. universities enjoy a prestigious global standing, a testament to their enduring commitment to academic excellence. This reputation is not solely attributable to their substantial funding and support but also to their unwavering dedication to maintaining rigorous academic standards. These institutions continuously adapt and innovate, drawing students worldwide to their dynamic learning environments. Year after year, they strive to enhance their educational offerings, equipping international students with the skills and knowledge needed to pursue rewarding career opportunities upon their return home.
Diversity stands as a cornerstone for almost every university across the United States, ingrained within their core values. Throughout history, these institutions have dedicated significant efforts to broaden educational horizons, emphasizing cultural diversity in their admissions processes. Students often express the rich tapestry of their academic and residential experiences, noting the vibrant mix of nationalities, religions, and ethnicities within their classes and dormitories. This diverse environment fosters an exhilarating atmosphere enriched by the multitude of cultural perspectives. Attending a U.S. university offers an immediate sense of belonging among peers who share similar backgrounds yet bring diverse ideas and viewpoints to the table. While studying abroad is universally recognized as a means to cultivate tolerance and openness to other cultures, choosing to study in the United States offers a unique opportunity. It not only exposes individuals to American culture but also immerses them in a melting pot of languages and beliefs from around the globe.
To facilitate a smooth transition for international students attending U.S. universities, these institutions provide extensive support services tailored to their needs. These include workshops, English-language practice courses, orientations, and specialized training sessions aimed at equipping foreign students with the necessary skills for success in their classes. Furthermore, there are initiatives in place to enable international graduates to explore career opportunities in the U.S. following their studies. For instance, in 2016, significant strides were made to extend the post-graduation stay duration for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) graduates to 24 months. This extension allows them to gain valuable work experience and potentially secure positions at leading global companies.
As technology progresses, university classrooms are adapting to the evolving landscape of information dissemination. They strive to stay abreast of the swift pace of innovation by offering web-based classes, implementing computer-based assessments, and providing access to diverse labs and resources. This commitment enables universities to offer students a cutting-edge classroom experience. Studying in the U.S.A. exposes students to innovative approaches to studying, learning, researching, and assessment from the outset.
Studying in the United States offers students an optimal learning setting, marked by adaptable educational approaches and ongoing growth opportunities across diverse fields of study. American universities tailor their classroom dynamics and teaching techniques to align with individual strengths, interests, and aspirations, fostering an interactive and pertinent learning experience tailored to each student's domain.
Education System of USA
In the USA, students must start their education from the age of 6. The US education system is bifurcated into four categories:
| Education | Level | Age | Class or grade |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Primary |
Elementary school |
6-11 |
1-4 |
|
Middle |
Middle or junior high |
11-14 |
6-8 |
|
Secondary |
High school or senior high school |
14-18 |
9-12 |
|
Tertiary |
Higher education |
18 onwards |
University |
The US offers a wide range of qualifications across various fields of study. Here’s an overview of the qualifications available in the US:
| Qualification | Duration | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
Associate degree |
2 years |
Job oriented programs that allow a graduate to launch a career, it is also equivalent to the first two years of a 4-year bachelor’s degree |
|
Undergraduate Degree |
3 to 4 years |
An undergraduate degree that includes core courses, major, minor, and elective. The four years are known as Freshman, Sophomore, Junior, and Senior. |
|
Postgraduate Degree |
2 years |
Generally awarded in traditional disciplines of humanities, arts, and science; may lead students to doctoral programs |
|
Doctorate or PhD |
5 to 8 years |
Completed under the supervision of a faculty advisor, PhD is awarded on completion of a dissertation and successful deference before a panel of faculty members |
Types of institutions
In the United States, there is a diverse array of educational institutions offering high-quality learning opportunities. They can be broadly classified into:
State colleges or universities
• These are publicly funded institutions operated by the state or government. Each of the 50 states typically oversees at least one university along with multiple colleges. They often bear the name of the state, such as the University of Michigan.
Private colleges or universities
• Operating independently, these institutions tend to have higher tuition fees compared to state colleges. They are usually smaller in size and may include religiously affiliated colleges, although they are open to students of all faiths. Some private colleges may show preference for applicants sharing the same religious background.
Community colleges
• Also known as junior colleges, these institutions serve a crucial role in preparing students for the workforce. They offer affordable education with the highest degree typically being an associate degree. Most programs at community colleges span a duration of two years.
Admission Requirements in USA
Admission requirements in the USA vary depending on the level of education (undergraduate, graduate, or professional), the institution, and sometimes the specific program of study. However, here’s a general overview:
Documents Required for Admission to German Universities
- High School Diploma or equivalent
- SAT or ACT scores (though some colleges/universities are test-optional)
- Letters of recommendation
- Personal statement or essay
- Some institutions may require interviews
Graduate Admission
- Bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution
- GRE or GMAT scores (though some colleges/universities are test-optional)
- Letters of recommendation
- • Statement of purpose or personal statement
- Resume or curriculum vitae (CV)
- Relevant work experience (for certain programs)
- Some programs may require specific prerequisites or portfolios
Professional Programs
- Bachelor’s degree from an accredited institution.
- Specific entrance exams (e.g., LSAT for law school, MCAT for medical school).
- Letters of recommendation.
- Personal statement or essay.
- Relevant experience (for certain programs).
- Interviews may be required.
Professional Programs
| Duration | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
Undergraduate |
Postgraduate |
|
IELTS |
Minimum Band Score of 6.0-7.0 |
Minimum Band Score of 6.5-7.5 |
|
TOEFL -IBT |
Minimum Scores around 60-80 |
Minimum Scores around 80-100 |
|
PTE |
Minimum Scores around 50-65 |
Minimum Scores around 58-75 |
Admission Requirements in USA
The expenses associated with pursuing higher education in the USA for international students can fluctuate significantly based on various factors such as the type of institution, its location, and additional considerations. Below is an approximate overview of the typical costs involved in such pursuits.
|
Tuition Fees |
The cost of housing also varies depending on whether you choose to live on-campus or off-campus, as well as the location of the university. On-campus housing can range from $8,000 to $15,000 per academic year. |
|
Housing |
The cost of housing also varies depending on whether you choose to live on-campus or off-campus, as well as the location of the university. On-campus housing can range from $8,000 to $15,000 per academic year. |
|
Food and Personal Expenses |
This can vary greatly depending on your lifestyle and spending habits, but budgeting around $3,000 to $5,000 per year for food and personal expenses is a reasonable estimate. |
|
Transportation |
The cost of transportation will depend on whether you need to travel within the city or between cities. Public transportation costs can vary, but budgeting around $500 to $1,000 per year is a rough estimate. |
Note: These figures are estimates and can vary based on personal circumstances and location within the USA. It’s always a good idea to research specific costs related to your situation.
Working while Studying in the USA
Engaging in employment alongside studies is a common practice for international students in the USA. Here are essential considerations:
Employment Opportunities
Job availability varies by location and university size, with urban areas typically offering more options both on and off-campus.
On-Campus Employment
F-1 visa holders can work on-campus for up to 20 hours per week during the academic term and full-time during breaks. Roles can span from library assistants to administrative positions.
Off-Campus Employment
While more restricted, off-campus employment is possible. Optional Practical Training (OPT) permits work in the field of study for up to 12 months post-graduation, while Curricular Practical Training (CPT) allows for internships related to the major.
Work Authorization
Proper work authorization is crucial to avoid legal repercussions like deportation.
Balancing work and studies in the USA can enrich students financially and professionally. Yet, adherence to regulations is paramount for maintaining legal status and academic progress.
Student VISA for USA
The United States government offers three student visa types including F, J, and M.
F1 Student Visa
An F1 visa is issued to international students who are attending an academic program or English Language Program at a US college or university. F1 students must maintain the minimum course load for full-time student status. They can remain in the US for up to 60 days beyond the length of time it takes to complete their academic program unless they have applied and been approved to stay and work for some time in the OPT Program.
To qualify, applicants need to satisfy and prove several strict criteria during an F1 visa interview, including the following:
|
Foreign Residence |
F1 applicants must have a foreign residence and must intend to return there upon the completion of their studies. |
|
Sponsoring Institution |
While on your F1 visa, you may only study at the academic institution through which the visa was granted. |
|
Financial Support |
Applicants must demonstrate sufficient financial support – the Study USA Financing Guide can help you prepare for this aspect of your time abroad. |
|
Ties to Home Country |
All applicants must demonstrate that they have strong ties to their home country.Strong ties consist of, but are not limited to, the following:
• A job offer letter upon completion of studies
• Assets (i.e., house, land, vehicle, etc.)
• Bank accounts
• Family |
The J-1 visa, also known as the Exchange Visitor Visa or J student visa, is for anyone outside of the US who wishes to take part in study- and work-related exchange programs in America. Read our guide to get all the details.
The J-1 visa has 15 categories of eligible roles and/or program types:
|
Au Pair |
Camp Counselor |
International Visitor |
|
Secondary School Student |
Government Visitor |
College and University Student |
|
Physician |
Professor |
Research Scholar |
|
Short Term Scholar |
Specialist |
Summer Work Travel |
|
Teacher |
Trainee |
Intern |
Types of institutions
In the United States, there is a diverse array of educational institutions offering high-quality learning opportunities. They can be broadly classified into:
State colleges or universities
• These are publicly funded institutions operated by the state or government. Each of the 50 states typically oversees at least one university along with multiple colleges. They often bear the name of the state, such as the University of Michigan.
Private colleges or universities
• Operating independently, these institutions tend to have higher tuition fees compared to state colleges. They are usually smaller in size and may include religiously affiliated colleges, although they are open to students of all faiths. Some private colleges may show preference for applicants sharing the same religious background.
Community colleges
• Also known as junior colleges, these institutions serve a crucial role in preparing students for the workforce. They offer affordable education with the highest degree typically being an associate degree. Most programs at community colleges span a duration of two years.
The M visa is designed for those pursuing non academic or vocational studies, such as technical or vocational programs. Holders of the M-1 visa are not allowed to work while studying. Applicants must demonstrate immediate access to adequate funds to cover tuition and living expenses throughout their intended stay.
When applying for the student visa at the consulate:
- A non-refundable application fee is required.
- All applicants must complete and submit the DS-160 online application for a non-immigrant visa.
- Males aged 16-45 must also submit the DS-157 form.
- A passport valid for travel to the United States, with an expiration date of at least six months beyond the intended period of stay, is necessary. If multiple individuals are included in the passport, each person seeking a visa must apply separately.
- Photos meeting specific requirements, including color, size, recency, background, facial expression, and attire, must be provided.
Before you can apply for an F, J, or M student visa, you must first apply and be accepted by a U.S. institution of higher education that is certified by the Student Exchange and Visitor Program (SEVP).
Arriving in the USA
Upon entering the United States, the process varies depending on your means of transportation and your citizenship status. Here’s a general outline:
Arriving by Air
If you’re flying into the USA, your first stop will be immigration and customs at the airport of arrival. You’ll be required to present your passport, visa (if applicable), and any other necessary documents. Once through immigration, you’ll collect your baggage and proceed through customs. Once cleared, you can exit the airport and continue with your journey.
Arriving by Land
For those arriving by land, such as driving from Canada or Mexico, a similar process awaits at the border checkpoint. You’ll need to present your passport and any relevant visas or documents to border officers. They may inquire about your purpose of visit, inspect your vehicle, and potentially search your belongings.
Arriving by Sea
If you’re arriving by sea, such as on a cruise ship, you’ll dock at a designated port of entry. Here, you’ll undergo immigration and customs procedures akin to those at airports and land border crossings.
Documents to Have On Arrival in the U.S.
Arriving in the U.S. entails undergoing immigration inspection to establish your electronic I-94 entry record. It’s essential to have certain documents on hand during this process, so avoid stowing them in your checked luggage.
Here’s what you’ll need:
Documents Required on Arrival in the U.S.
- Valid Passport: Ensure it remains valid for at least six months into the future upon admission.
- Valid U.S. Visa: Unless you’re a Canadian citizen, as they’re exempt from this requirement.
- Your Immigration Document: Whether it’s an I-20 for F-1 status or a DS-2019 for J-1 status. For F-1 students, it’s crucial to print the electronically sent I-20s in a double-sided format, as electronic versions won’t suffice at the border.
- Printed I-901 Fee Receipt: Also known as the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) fee receipt.
- Copy of your admissions letter and proof of funds: While you might not be requested to present them, new students should carry these documents. Proof of funds can encompass the same materials you provided to acquire your I-20 or DS-2019, such as bank statements and scholarship or financial aid letters.
Working & Staying After Graduation in the USA
Remaining in the United States post-graduation entails navigating various pathways for visa and work authorization. Here are some common avenues:
How Nexus will help to fulfill your study in the USA dream?
At Nexus, we recognize the widespread aspiration to pursue education abroad, particularly in the USA, celebrated for its exceptional educational standards and rich cultural milieu. Our mission is to transform this aspiration into a tangible reality by offering unwavering support and guidance at every stage of your journey.
To begin, we prioritize individualized counseling sessions to delve into your academic history, interests, and career objectives. This personalized approach enables us to tailor our assistance precisely to your unique requirements, whether you’re eyeing undergraduate, graduate, or professional studies in the USA.
Our seasoned team of counselors adeptly navigates the maze of university and program selection, ensuring alignment with your ambitions. From curating a list of prospective institutions to meticulously crafting application materials such as essays and recommendation letters, we equip you to present a compelling case to admissions boards.
Beyond the academic realm, we understand the complexities of visa procedures and offer comprehensive aid in securing essential documentation and preparing for visa interviews. This support extends further through pre-departure orientations designed to acclimate you to American culture and academic expectations, facilitating a seamless transition to your new educational environment.
Throughout your tenure in the USA, our commitment to your success remains steadfast. We provide ongoing support to foster your academic, social, and personal growth, ensuring a fulfilling educational experience.
With Nexus as your partner, your dream of studying in the USA can indeed materialize. Let us empower you to embark on this enriching educational odyssey with assurance and triumph.